![]() Therefore, the world of spirits is very large and includes baijiu, brandies, rum, shōchū, tequila, vodka and whiskies ( Table 1). As a result of the development and industrialization of distillation techniques during the 19th century, the production of spirits expanded across the world with the raw materials that were available. Originally used during ancient times by Persians, Egyptians and Sumerians to obtain perfume and essential oils, this technique was used during the Middle Ages to produce alcohol, called aqua vitae, employed in both the medicine and the pharmaceutical sectors to fight against diseases. The history of spirits is related to the development of distillation techniques throughout the centuries. The term ‘spirit’ refers to any alcoholic beverage made by the fermentation and distillation of cereals, fruits or their sub-products. Finally, we expose an inventory of SCJS’s chemical compositions and of their sensory description that define the specific organoleptic properties of these spirits. To continue, we discuss the main steps of the SCJS process from harvesting to aging. This review aims to present the main SCJSs encountered worldwide, defining their specific features through some important aspects with, notably, references to the complex notion of terroir. Even if the scientific knowledge on these spirits is not comparable, the available data could help identify the critical points to be improved in the making process. ![]() While preserving their authenticity and specificity, SCJS producers expect to improve and ensure sufficient yield and a superior quality product. However, despite ancestral know-how, there is a lack of contemporary data required to characterize some sugarcane juice spirits (SCJSs) and to overcome the current and future threats that producers will have to face. ![]() These alcoholic beverages contribute significantly to the socio-economic development of many countries. They must be distinguished from other sugarcane spirits, which are more widely produced and made from other sugarcane derivatives, such as molasses. Among the family of sugarcane spirits, those made from juice are diverse and often produced in a traditional way. ![]()
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